關於 crossed check ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

Are you one for a midday snack? Well, I’m a genius!! Say hello to my amazing 9-Combo Naanwich made with Mission Foods Garlic & Herb Naan. 🤤🤤

I saw this food trend go viral so I decided to put my spin on it! Using @missionfoods.my Naan made it even more satisfying. In this reimagined sandwich recipe, you get to savour 9 DIFFERENT flavourful
combinations with the pairing of different ingredients!

Super easy to make, super yummy! Check out my recipe below.

Ingredients:
2 Mission Garlic & Herb Naan
2 tbsp Hummus, store bought
2 tbsp Pesto Sauce, store bought
2 tbsp Sundried Tomato Sauce, store bought
4 streaks Beef Bacon, cooked
½ Chicken Breast, cooked and shredded
2-3 pcs Smoked Salmon

Instructions:
1) In a pan, heat Mission Garlic & Herb Naan for 30-40 seconds on each side until warm and a little brown. Once done, transfer to a chopping board and cut the pointy edges.
2) On one naan, spread hummus, pesto sauce and sundried tomato sauce in 3 horizontal lines.
3) On another naan, place the shredded chicken breast, smoked salmon and beef bacon streaks in 3 vertical lines.
4) Meet the 2 naan together, with toppings criss-crossed, facing each other.
5) Cut the Naanwich according to the 9 different portions and you’ll have your 9 combination flavoured Naanwiches ready to be served!

You’re welcome and enjoy! Do tag me if you try this recipe out! #LikeBreadButBetter

#toynews #onTOYSREVIL: https://bit.ly/3tHtBQv

"EROSION MARSPER" by #BornToLove X #INSTINCTOY is the new anniversary release of #HuaChenyu #华晨宇's MARSPER, no crossed-over with @instinctoy_hiroto_ohkubo's EROSION concept, with the oozing of #ThunderLiquid engulfing the body...!

LIKE PIX on INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/p/CO0ZHGBgIsB/

Availability details pending ... meanwhile, check out the blogpost-linked for Promo Videos, Artist Interview (in Japanese with no English subs tho), unboxing of the 1st MASPER figure release, AND the genesis of the character...!

I Do Not Sell This
#toyblog #toysblog #toysrevil

📜 [專欄新文章] Uniswap v3 Features Explained in Depth

✍️ 田少谷 Shao

📥 歡迎投稿： https://medium.com/taipei-ethereum-meetup #徵技術分享文 #使用心得 #教學文 #medium

Once again the game-changing DEX 🦄 👑

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Outline

0. Intro1. Uniswap & AMM recap2. Ticks 3. Concentrated liquidity4. Range orders: reversible limit orders5. Impacts of v36. Conclusion

0. Intro

The announcement of Uniswap v3 is no doubt one of the most exciting news in the DeFi place recently 🔥🔥🔥

While most have talked about the impact v3 can potentially bring on the market, seldom explain the delicate implementation techniques to realize all those amazing features, such as concentrated liquidity, limit-order-like range orders, etc.

Since I’ve covered Uniswap v1 & v2 (if you happen to know Mandarin, here are v1 & v2), there’s no reason for me to not cover v3 as well ✅

Thus, this article aims to guide readers through Uniswap v3, based on their official whitepaper and examples made on the announcement page. However, one needs not to be an engineer, as not many codes are involved, nor a math major, as the math involved is definitely taught in your high school, to fully understand the following content 😊😊😊

If you really make it through but still don’t get shxt, feedbacks are welcomed! 🙏

There should be another article focusing on the codebase, so stay tuned and let’s get started with some background noise!

1. Uniswap & AMM recap

Before diving in, we have to first recap the uniqueness of Uniswap and compare it to traditional order book exchanges.

Uniswap v1 & v2 are a kind of AMMs (automated market marker) that follow the constant product equation x * y = k, with x & y stand for the amount of two tokens X and Y in a pool and k as a constant.

Comparing to order book exchanges, AMMs, such as the previous versions of Uniswap, offer quite a distinct user experience:

AMMs have pricing functions that offer the price for the two tokens, which make their users always price takers, while users of order book exchanges can be both makers or takers.

Uniswap as well as most AMMs have infinite liquidity¹, while order book exchanges don’t. The liquidity of Uniswap v1 & v2 is provided throughout the price range [0,∞]².

Uniswap as well as most AMMs have price slippage³ and it’s due to the pricing function, while there isn’t always price slippage on order book exchanges as long as an order is fulfilled within one tick.

In an order book, each price (whether in green or red) is a tick. Image source: https://ftx.com/trade/BTC-PERP

¹ though the price gets worse over time; AMM of constant sum such as mStable does not have infinite liquidity

² the range is in fact [-∞,∞], while a price in most cases won’t be negative

³ AMM of constant sum does not have price slippage

2. Tick

The whole innovation of Uniswap v3 starts from ticks.

For those unfamiliar with what is a tick:

Source: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/tick.asp

By slicing the price range [0,∞] into numerous granular ticks, trading on v3 is highly similar to trading on order book exchanges, with only three differences:

The price range of each tick is predefined by the system instead of being proposed by users.

Trades that happen within a tick still follows the pricing function of the AMM, while the equation has to be updated once the price crosses the tick.

Orders can be executed with any price within the price range, instead of being fulfilled at the same one price on order book exchanges.

With the tick design, Uniswap v3 possesses most of the merits of both AMM and an order book exchange! 💯💯💯

So, how is the price range of a tick decided?

This question is actually somewhat related to the tick explanation above: the minimum tick size for stocks trading above 1$ is one cent.

The underlying meaning of a tick size traditionally being one cent is that one cent (1% of 1$) is the basis point of price changes between ticks, ex: 1.02 — 1.01 = 0.1.

Uniswap v3 employs a similar idea: compared to the previous/next price, the price change should always be 0.01% = 1 basis point.

However, notice the difference is that in the traditional basis point, the price change is defined with subtraction, while here in Uniswap it’s division.

This is how price ranges of ticks are decided⁴:

Image source: https://uniswap.org/whitepaper-v3.pdf

With the above equation, the tick/price range can be recorded in the index form [i, i+1], instead of some crazy numbers such as 1.0001¹⁰⁰ = 1.0100496621.

As each price is the multiplication of 1.0001 of the previous price, the price change is always 1.0001 — 1 = 0.0001 = 0.01%.

For example, when i=1, p(1) = 1.0001; when i=2, p(2) = 1.00020001.

p(2) / p(1) = 1.00020001 / 1.0001 = 1.0001

See the connection between the traditional basis point 1 cent (=1% of 1$) and Uniswap v3’s basis point 0.01%?

Image source: https://tenor.com/view/coin-master-cool-gif-19748052

But sir, are prices really granular enough? There are many shitcoins with prices less than 0.000001$. Will such prices be covered as well?

Price range: max & min

To know if an extremely small price is covered or not, we have to figure out the max & min price range of v3 by looking into the spec: there is a int24 tick state variable in UniswapV3Pool.sol.

Image source: https://uniswap.org/whitepaper-v3.pdf

The reason for a signed integer int instead of an uint is that negative power represents prices less than 1 but greater than 0.

24 bits can cover the range between 1.0001 ^ (2²³ — 1) and 1.0001 ^ -(2)²³. Even Google cannot calculate such numbers, so allow me to offer smaller values to have a rough idea of the whole price range:

1.0001 ^ (2¹⁸) = 242,214,459,604.341

1.0001 ^ -(2¹⁷) = 0.000002031888943

I think it’s safe to say that with a int24 the range can cover > 99.99% of the prices of all assets in the universe 👌

⁴ For implementation concern, however, a square root is added to both sides of the equation.

How about finding out which tick does a price belong to?

Tick index from price

The answer to this question is rather easy, as we know that p(i) = 1.0001^i, simply takes a log with base 1.0001 on both sides of the equation⁴:

Image source: https://www.codecogs.com/latex/eqneditor.php

Let’s try this out, say we wanna find out the tick index of 1000000.

Image source: https://ncalculators.com/number-conversion/log-logarithm-calculator.htm

Now, 1.0001¹³⁸¹⁶² = 999,998.678087146. Voila!

⁵ This formula is also slightly modified to fit the real implementation usage.

3. Concentrated liquidity

Now that we know how ticks and price ranges are decided, let’s talk about how orders are executed in a tick, what is concentrated liquidity and how it enables v3 to compete with stablecoin-specialized DEXs (decentralized exchange), such as Curve, by improving the capital efficiency.

Concentrated liquidity means LPs (liquidity providers) can provide liquidity to any price range/tick at their wish, which causes the liquidity to be imbalanced in ticks.

As each tick has a different liquidity depth, the corresponding pricing function x * y = k also won’t be the same!

Each tick has its own liquidity depth. Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Mmm… examples are always helpful for abstract descriptions 😂

Say the original pricing function is 100(x) * 1000(y) = 100000(k), with the price of X token 1000 / 100 = 10 and we’re now in the price range [9.08, 11.08].

If the liquidity of the price range [11.08, 13.08] is the same as [9.08, 11.08], we don’t have to modify the pricing function if the price goes from 10 to 11.08, which is the boundary between two ticks.

The price of X is 1052.63 / 95 = 11.08 when the equation is 1052.63 * 95 = 100000.

However, if the liquidity of the price range [11.08, 13.08] is two times that of the current range [9.08, 11.08], balances of x and y should be doubled, which makes the equation become 2105.26 * 220 = 400000, which is (1052.63 * 2) * (110 * 2) = (100000 * 2 * 2).

We can observe the following two points from the above example:

Trades always follow the pricing function x * y = k, while once the price crosses the current price range/tick, the liquidity/equation has to be updated.

√(x * y) = √k = L is how we represent the liquidity, as I say the liquidity of x * y = 400000 is two times the liquidity of x * y = 100000, as √(400000 / 100000) = 2.

What’s more, compared to liquidity on v1 & v2 is always spread across [0,∞], liquidity on v3 can be concentrated within certain price ranges and thus results in higher capital efficiency from traders’ swapping fees!

Let’s say if I provide liquidity in the range [1200, 2800], the capital efficiency will then be 4.24x higher than v2 with the range [0,∞] 😮😮😮 There’s a capital efficiency comparison calculator, make sure to try it out!

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

It’s worth noticing that the concept of concentrated liquidity was proposed and already implemented by Kyper, prior to Uniswap, which is called Automated Price Reserve in their case.⁵

⁶ Thanks to Yenwen Feng for the information.

4. Range orders: reversible limit orders

As explained in the above section, LPs of v3 can provide liquidity to any price range/tick at their wish. Depending on the current price and the targeted price range, there are three scenarios:

current price < the targeted price range

current price > the targeted price range

current price belongs to the targeted price range

The first two scenarios are called range orders. They have unique characteristics and are essentially fee-earning reversible limit orders, which will be explained later.

The last case is the exact same liquidity providing mechanism as the previous versions: LPs provide liquidity in both tokens of the same value (= amount * price).

There’s also an identical product to the case: grid trading, a very powerful investment tool for a time of consolidation. Dunno what’s grid trading? Check out Binance’s explanation on this, as this topic won’t be covered!

In fact, LPs of Uniswap v1 & v2 are grid trading with a range of [0,∞] and the entry price as the baseline.

Range orders

To understand range orders, we’d have to first revisit how price is discovered on Uniswap with the equation x * y = k, for x & y stand for the amount of two tokens X and Y and k as a constant.

The price of X compared to Y is y / x, which means how many Y one can get for 1 unit of X, and vice versa the price of Y compared to X is x / y.

For the price of X to go up, y has to increase and x decrease.

With this pricing mechanism in mind, it’s example time!

Say an LP plans to place liquidity in the price range [15.625, 17.313], higher than the current price of X 10, when 100(x) * 1000(y) = 100000(k).

The price of X is 1250 / 80 = 15.625 when the equation is 80 * 1250 = 100000.

The price of X is 1315.789 / 76 = 17.313 when the equation is 76 * 1315.789 = 100000.

If now the price of X reaches 15.625, the only way for the price of X to go even higher is to further increase y and decrease x, which means exchanging a certain amount of X for Y.

Thus, to provide liquidity in the range [15.625, 17.313], an LP needs only to prepare 80 — 76 = 4 of X. If the price exceeds 17.313, all 4 X of the LP is swapped into 1315.789 — 1250 = 65.798 Y, and then the LP has nothing more to do with the pool, as his/her liquidity is drained.

What if the price stays in the range? It’s exactly what LPs would love to see, as they can earn swapping fees for all transactions in the range! Also, the balance of X will swing between [76, 80] and the balance of Y between [1250, 1315.789].

This might not be obvious, but the example above shows an interesting insight: if the liquidity of one token is provided, only when the token becomes more valuable will it be exchanged for the less valuable one.

…wut? 🤔

Remember that if 4 X is provided within [15.625, 17.313], only when the price of X goes up from 15.625 to 17.313 is 4 X gradually swapped into Y, the less valuable one!

What if the price of X drops back immediately after reaching 17.313? As X becomes less valuable, others are going to exchange Y for X.

The below image illustrates the scenario of DAI/USDC pair with a price range of [1.001, 1.002] well: the pool is always composed entirely of one token on both sides of the tick, while in the middle 1.001499⁶ is of both tokens.

Image source: https://uniswap.org/blog/uniswap-v3/

Similarly, to provide liquidity in a price range < current price, an LP has to prepare a certain amount of Y for others to exchange Y for X within the range.

To wrap up such an interesting feature, we know that:

Only one token is required for range orders.

Only when the current price is within the range of the range order can LP earn trading fees. This is the main reason why most people believe LPs of v3 have to monitor the price more actively to maximize their income, which also means that LPs of v3 have become arbitrageurs 🤯

I will be discussing more the impacts of v3 in 5. Impacts of v3.

⁷ 1.001499988 = √(1.0001 * 1.0002) is the geometric mean of 1.0001 and 1.0002. The implication is that the geometric mean of two prices is the average execution price within the range of the two prices.

Reversible limit orders

As the example in the last section demonstrates, if there is 4 X in range [15.625, 17.313], the 4 X will be completely converted into 65.798 Y when the price goes over 17.313.

We all know that a price can stay in a wide range such as [10, 11] for quite some time, while it’s unlikely so in a narrow range such as [15.625, 15.626].

Thus, if an LP provides liquidity in [15.625, 15.626], we can expect that once the price of X goes over 15.625 and immediately also 15.626, and does not drop back, all X are then forever converted into Y.

The concept of having a targeted price and the order will be executed after the price is crossed is exactly the concept of limit orders! The only difference is that if the range of a range order is not narrow enough, it’s highly possible that the conversion of tokens will be reverted once the price falls back to the range.

As price ranges follow the equation p(i) = 1.0001 ^ i, the range can be quite narrow and a range order can thus effectively serve as a limit order:

When i = 27490, 1.0001²⁷⁴⁹⁰ = 15.6248.⁸

When i = 27491, 1.0001²⁷⁴⁹¹ = 15.6264.⁸

A range of 0.0016 is not THAT narrow but can certainly satisfy most limit order use cases!

⁸ As mentioned previously in note #4, there is a square root in the equation of the price and index, thus the numbers here are for explantion only.

5. Impacts of v3

Higher capital efficiency, LPs become arbitrageurs… as v3 has made tons of radical changes, I’d like to summarize my personal takes of the impacts of v3:

Higher capital efficiency makes one of the most frequently considered indices in DeFi: TVL, total value locked, becomes less meaningful, as 1$ on Uniswap v3 might have the same effect as 100$ or even 2000$ on v2.

The ease of spot exchanging between spot exchanges used to be a huge advantage of spot markets over derivative markets. As LPs will take up the role of arbitrageurs and arbitraging is more likely to happen on v3 itself other than between DEXs, this gap is narrowed … to what extent? No idea though.

LP strategies and the aggregation of NFT of Uniswap v3 liquidity token are becoming the blue ocean for new DeFi startups: see Visor and Lixir. In fact, this might be the turning point for both DeFi and NFT: the two main reasons of blockchain going mainstream now come to the alignment of interest: solving the $$ problem 😏😏😏

In the right venue, which means a place where transaction fees are low enough, such as Optimism, we might see Algo trading firms coming in to share the market of designing LP strategies on Uniswap v3, as I believe Algo trading is way stronger than on-chain strategies or DAO voting to add liquidity that sort of thing.

After reading this article by Parsec.finance: The Dex to Rule Them All, I cannot help but wonder: maybe there is going to be centralized crypto exchanges adopting v3’s approach. The reason is that since orders of LPs in the same tick are executed pro-rata, the endless front-running speeding-competition issue in the Algo trading world, to some degree, is… solved? 🤔

Anyway, personal opinions can be biased and seriously wrong 🙈 I’m merely throwing out a sprat to catch a whale. Having a different voice? Leave your comment down below!

6. Conclusion

That was kinda tough, isn’t it? Glad you make it through here 🥂🥂🥂

There are actually many more details and also a huge section of Oracle yet to be covered. However, since this article is more about features and targeting normal DeFi users, I’ll leave those to the next one; hope there is one 😅

If you have any doubt or find any mistake, please feel free to reach out to me and I’d try to reply AFAP!

Stay tuned and in the meantime let’s wait and see how Uniswap v3 is again pioneering the innovation of DeFi 🌟

Uniswap v3 Features Explained in Depth was originally published in Taipei Ethereum Meetup on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

👏 歡迎轉載分享鼓掌

I have done my Botox and Fillers Injection at ClearSK Aesthetics and it’s time for my final verdict.
Do I recommend them? Was it worth it?
Please check out this video.
You can also watch the entire consultation and procedure here:
https://youtu.be/UaSY12wxKhQ

Tag a friend who is looking for botox and fillers injection recommendations.

Botox is a drug that weakens or paralyzes muscle. In small doses, it can reduce skin wrinkles and help treat some muscle conditions.

Botox is a protein made from botulinum toxin that the bacterium Clostridium botulinum produces. This is the same toxin that causes botulism.

Botox is a toxin, but when people use it correctly and in small doses, it has a number of medical and cosmetic uses.

Botox injections are probably best known for reducing skin wrinkles. Botox can also help treat crossed eyes, eyelid spasms, excessive sweating, and some bladder disorders.

In this article, we will explain how Botox works, its uses, possible risks, and side effects.

Source: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/158647

Dermal fillers, also known as injectable implants, soft tissue fillers, or wrinkle fillers are medical device implants approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in helping to create a smoother and/or fuller appearance in the face, including nasolabial folds, cheeks and lips and for increasing the volume of the back of the hand.

Source: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/cosmetic-devices/dermal-fillers-soft-tissue-fillers#:~:text=Dermal%20fillers%2C%20also%20known%20as,lips%20and%20for%20increasing%20the

#BotoxandFillersBeforeandFater #Botox #Dermalfillers #injectableimplants

《daydream》
for ロンリー / 致孤獨 / for lonely
作詞 / Lyricist：阿部真央
作曲 / Composer：阿部真央
編曲 / Arranger：玉井健二・大西省吾
歌 / Singer：Aimer with 阿部真央
翻譯：澄野（CH Music Channel）
意譯：CH（CH Music Channel）
English Translation: Thaerin

背景 / Background - 私には君の味がわからない - おむたつ :
https://www.pixiv.net/artworks/74584294

版權聲明:
本頻道不握有任何音樂所有權，亦無任何營利，一切僅為推廣用途。音樂所有權歸原始創作者所有。請支持正版。

Copyright Info:
Be aware this channel is for promotion purposes only without any illegal profit. All music's ownership belongs to the original creators.
Please support the original creator.

すべての権利は正当な所有者/作成者に帰属します。あなたがこの音楽（または画像）の作成者で、この動画に使用されたくない場合はメッセージまたはこのYoutubeチャンネルの概要のメールアドレスにご連絡ください。私はすぐに削除します。

如果你喜歡我的影片，不妨按下喜歡和訂閱，你的支持就是我創作的最大原動力！
If you like my videos, please click like and subscribe! Thx :)

粉絲團隨時獲得最新訊息！
Check my Facebook page for more information!
https://www.facebook.com/chschannel/

中文翻譯 / Chinese Translation :
https://home.gamer.com.tw/creationDetail.php?sn=4872250

英文翻譯 / English Translation :
https://www.lyrical-nonsense.com/lyrics/aimer/for-lonely-with-mao-abe/

日文歌詞 / Japanese Lyrics :
大好きな人　君はどう思う？
些細なことでぶつかり合う僕らを
僕の意地っぱりも　君の強がりも
全部会えないことのせいにしてしまおう

大好きな人　知っているか？
今日も君への想いで僕は揺れてる
ちょっととぼけた　可愛い人
今君に会いたくて僕は泣いてる

触れられない　触れ合えないことに　かなり参ってる
不安なんだよ　Baby　口にはできないけど

抱き締めたなら　ただそれだけで済んでしまうことなのに
for ロンリー

大好きな人　なんでそう思う？
自分ばかりが好きなんじゃないかって
驚いたよ　大好きな人
今の僕にその言葉はないだろう？

電話越し　突然に泣き出す君にどぎまぎしている
どうしろっての　Baby　こんなに好きなのに…

他の何かじゃ　満たせそうにないから困っているのに

for ロンリー
for ロンリー
for ロンリー

大半が　下らない
すれ違い　想い合うが故の憂さ

抱き締めたなら　ただそれだけで済んでしまうことなのに
for ロンリー
for ロンリー

Lonely you
Lonely girl
Lonely you

中文歌詞 / Chinese Lyrics :
最摯愛的人，你是怎麼想的呢？
因微不足道的小事而爭吵的我們
將我那不退讓的固執和你那不認輸的逞強
全歸在無法相見的錯上吧

我那最摯愛的人，你知道嗎？
今日又因對你的思念使我的心難以平復
有些許笨拙且可愛的人
我因過於渴望與你相見而落淚

無法觸及你、無法彼此相觸，使我十分挫折懊惱
「我其實很不安，Baby。」即使這種話難以說出口

即便僅是彼此緊緊相擁，便能令我感到滿足
致這份孤獨

我那最摯愛的人，為何會這麼認為呢？
「僅有你任性地沉浸在自己的世界。」
我很驚訝，我那最摯愛的人
為什麼你這時候能對我說出那種傷人的話？

電話那頭，因突然哭出聲的你而深感焦慮慌張
你是想要我怎麼做才好，Baby？明明我是如此地喜歡你......

明明除了你以外，不再有任何事物可以滿足我的內心，令我百般困擾

致你承擔的孤獨
致我擔負的孤獨
致這份屬於兩人的孤獨

其實全都是些枯燥乏味的事
心中的陰鬱全因彼此交錯擦身的思念而生

即便僅是彼此緊緊相擁，便能令我感到滿足
致孤獨
致這份孤獨

致孤單的你
致孤單的女孩
致孤單的你

英文歌詞 / English Lyrics :
Dear, my beloved. What do you think
About us fighting over the slightest things?
Let’s blame my stubbornness, and your false strength,
On the fact we can’t see one another right now.

Dear, my beloved. Did you already know
That even today, I’m still shaken by my feelings for you?
You slightly aloof, precious thing…
Wishing to see you, I’m steeped in tears.

I’m pretty defeated, unable to touch you… and be touched by you.
I’m feeling so uneasy, baby… though I can’t quite speak the words.

Even though it would solve everything… if you just took me in your arms.

Dear, my beloved. Why is it you think
That I’m merely self-absorbed?
I’m so surprised, my beloved –
You shouldn’t be able to say those things to me now…

From the other side of the phone, I’m getting flustered from your outburst of tears.
What do you expect me to do, baby? Despite loving you this much…

I’m in a bind ’cause I can’t imagine anything fulfilling me like you do.

Most of our reasons are foolish;
This melancholy is born of crossed wires and caring intent.

Even though it would solve everything… if you just took me in your arms.

Hey guys!
Another late video this week, still having internet problems... waiting on when its appropriate to get someone to come check what the problem is. (I tried uploading this video twice, once on Thursday and then again on Friday both overnight and both got "abandoned". Currently on attempt 3, so fingers crossed!
Today i'm sharing my Miu miu collection. A brand i used to be a lot more into around the time i was in high school and uni. I thought i'd re-inspire and rekindle my love for the brand by sharing my collection and talk about a brand i don't often hear about. Hope you guys enjoy! X

Check out my instagram for more daily outfits @wenwenstokes